{"id":761,"date":"2018-02-10T16:41:44","date_gmt":"2018-02-10T16:41:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/disasterhistory.org\/?p=761"},"modified":"2018-02-11T16:34:58","modified_gmt":"2018-02-11T16:34:58","slug":"gansu-earthquake-1920","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/disasterhistory.org\/zh-TW\/gansu-earthquake-1920","title":{"rendered":"\u6d77\u539f(\u7518\u8085)\u5927\u5730\u9707,1920"},"content":{"rendered":"

English<\/a><\/p>\n

1920\u5e74\u5e95\uff0c\u4e2d\u570b\u504f\u9060\u7684\u7518\u8085\u7701\u767c\u751f\u5730\u9707\uff0c\u662f\u4e8c\u5341\u4e16\u7d00\u4e16\u754c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5927\u7684\u81f4\u547d\u707d\u96e3\u3002\u5728\u7576\u5e74\u7684\u5341\u4e8c\u6708\u5341\u516d\u65e5\u665a\u9593\uff0c\u5167\u8499\u53e4\u9644\u8fd1\u7684\u6d77\u539f\u8fb2\u6751\u767c\u751f\u5730\u9707\uff0c\u9020\u621020\u591a\u842c\u4eba\u6b7b\u4ea1\uff0c\u4e26\u56b4\u91cd\u7834\u58de\u4e8c\u842c\u5e73\u65b9\u516c\u91cc\u7684\u9762\u7a4d \u3002\u5728\u4e2d\u83ef\u5171\u548c\u570b\u5167\u6230\u65e5\u76ca\u5347\u9ad8\u7684\u521d\u671f\u6240\u767c\u751f\u7684\u9019\u5834\u707d\u96e3\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u7576\u5e74\u5176\u4ed6\u5730\u65b9\u7684\u91cd\u5927\u653f\u6cbb\u548c\u4eba\u9053\u4e3b\u7fa9\u5371\u6a5f\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u76f8\u5f62\u5931\u8272\uff0c\u5118\u7ba1\u7834\u58de\u529b\u548c\u6b7b\u50b7\u7684\u898f\u6a21\u5927\uff0c\u4ecd\u7136\u662f\u500b\u9bae\u70ba\u4eba\u77e5\u7684\u4e8b\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n

\"Gansu<\/a><\/p>\n

\u6210\u56e0<\/h2>\n

\u73fe\u5728\u666e\u904d\u7a31\u70ba\u6d77\u539f\u5730\u9707\uff0c\u9707\u592e\u4f4d\u65bc\u7518\u8085\u6771\u90e8\u7684\u6d77\u539f\u90ca\u5340\u4e0b\u65b9\uff0c\u8a72\u5340\u662f\u4eca\u65e5\u4eba\u6c11\u5171\u548c\u570b\u5be7\u590f\u56de\u65cf\u81ea\u6cbb\u5340\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u4f4d\u65bc\u6208\u58c1\u6c99\u6f20\u4ee5\u5357\u7684\u9ec3\u6cb3\u4e00\u5e36\uff0c\u6d77\u539f\u5340\u57df\u662f\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u9ec3\u571f\u5730\u5e36\u6700\u5bec\u5ee3\u7684\u5340\u57df\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002 [1]<\/a> \u9ec3\u571f\u662f\u6c89\u7a4d\u5728\u5e7e\u767e\u7c73\u6df1\u7684\u7d30\u9ec3\u571f\uff0c\u5c07\u9ec3\u571f\u6398\u6210\u7aaf\u6d1e\uff0c\u662f\u4e2d\u570b\u897f\u5317\u90e8\u5730\u5340\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u4f4f\u5bb6\u5efa\u7bc9\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u9047\u5230\u5730\u9707\u6642\u4e5f\u7279\u5225\u5bb9\u6613\u574d\u65b9\u3002<\/p>\n

\"Haiyuan<\/a>

1921\u5e74\u521d\uff0c\u7518\u8085\u975c\u5be7\u7e23\u7684\u4e00\u500b\u5bfa\u5edf\u907a\u5740\u3002<\/p>

Source: Jingning County Archives<\/p><\/div>\n

\u4e00\u958b\u59cb\uff0c\u5730\u9707\u7684\u6700\u5927\u5f37\u5ea6\u662f\u9ea5\u5361\u5229\u5730\u9707\u5ea6\u8868\u4e0a\u768412\u7d1a\uff0c\u9020\u6210\u8a72\u5730\u5340675\u500b\u91cd\u5927\u7684\u9ec3\u571f\u5c71\u5d29;[2]<\/a> \u5730\u9707\u91cb\u653e\u7684\u80fd\u91cf\u5f37\u5ea6\u7684\u4f30\u8a08\uff0c\u7bc4\u570d\u57287.8(\u6839\u64da\u7f8e\u570b\u5730\u8cea\u8abf\u67e5\u6240)\u52308.5(\u6839\u64da\u4e2d\u570b\u5730\u9707\u5c40)\u4e4b\u9593\u3002[3]<\/a> \u76ee\u64ca\u8005\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u862d\u5dde\u7701\u6703\u9644\u8fd1\u7684\u5927\u6a13\uff0c\u5728\u5730\u9707\u548c\u63a5\u4e0b\u4f86\u5e7e\u500b\u6708\u7684\u9918\u9707\u9707\u529b\u4e0b\uff0c\u6240\u5448\u73fe\u7684\u5f48\u529b\u4ee4\u4eba\u5403\u9a5a\uff0c\u7d55\u5927\u591a\u6578\u7684\u7834\u58de\u4e8b\u4ef6\u767c\u751f\u5728\u9707\u592e\u9644\u8fd1\u7684\u9109\u6751\u5730\u5340\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u7aaf\u6d1e\u5c45\u4f4f\u5340\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u6d77\u539f\u3001\u56fa\u5b89\u7b49\u3002[4]<\/a><\/p>\n

\u6839\u64da50\u500b\u7e23\uff08\u67d0\u4e9b\u6848\u4f8b\u4e2d\u70ba53\u500b\u7e23\uff09\u7684\u7e23\u7d1a\u5831\u544a\uff0c\u5730\u9707\u9020\u6210\u7684\u6b7b\u4ea1\u4eba\u6578\u4f30\u8a08\u70ba234,117\u4eba\u81f3314,092\u4eba\u3002[5]<\/a> \u8a31\u591a\u6b7b\u8005\u70ba\u8a72\u5730\u5340\u7684\u4e2d\u570b\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u4eba\u53e3\uff0c\u7576\u6642\u5728\u4e2d\u570b\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4f0a\u65af\u862d\u4eba\u7269\u4e5f\u55aa\u751f\uff0c\u7576\u4e3b\u8981\u4eba\u53e3\u70ba\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u7684\u9f8d\u5fb7\u8c37\u5730\u767c\u751f\u5730\u9707\u6642\uff0c\u8607\u975e\u6d3e\u9818\u5c0e\u4eba\u99ac\u5143\u748b\u6b63\u5728\u79b1\u544a\u3002\u6b64\u5730\u5340\u6709\u4e09\u5206\u4e4b\u4e00\u7684\u4eba\u53e3\u6b7b\u4ea1\u3002<\/p>\n

\u64da\u4f30\u8a08\uff0c\u7518\u8085\u7684\u8ca1\u7522\u640d\u5931\u7e3d\u984d\uff0c\u70ba3000\u842c\u5143\uff08\u7d04\u70ba\u7576\u6642\u76842000\u842c\u7f8e\u5143\uff09\u3002[6]<\/a> \u640d\u5931\u591a\u4f86\u81ea\u4f4f\u5b85\u8207\u7ce7\u5009\u53d7\u5230\u7834\u58de;\u572814\u500b\u7e23\u4e2d\uff0c\u767e\u5206\u4e4b\u4e03\u5341\u5e7e\u7684\u5efa\u7bc9\u7269\u5012\u584c\u3002[7]<\/a> \u7272\u755c\u7684\u6b7b\u4ea1\u662f\u53e6\u4e00\u500b\u91cd\u5927\u7684\u8ca1\u7522\u640d\u5931\uff0c\u5118\u7ba1\u6b7b\u4ea1\u7684\u7dbf\u7f8a\uff0c\u725b\u96bb\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u8fb2\u5834\u52d5\u7269\u7684\u7d00\u9304\u6578\u91cf\u5dee\u8ddd\u5f88\u5927\uff0c\u5f9e808,270\u81f3170\u842c\u982d\u3002[8]<\/a><\/p>\n

\"Haiyuan<\/a>

1921\u5e74\u521d\uff0c\u4e00\u540d\u7537\u5b50\u7ad9\u7acb\u5728\u7518\u8085\u7701\u975c\u5be7\u93ae\u7684\u81e8\u6642\u5e87\u8b77\u6240\u3002<\/p>

Source: Jingning County Archives<\/p><\/div>\n

\u5c0d\u7b56<\/h2>\n

\u4e18\u9675\u574d\u584c\uff0c\u4e0b\u65b9\u7684\u5bb6\u5712\u4ee5\u53ca\u7ce7\u5009\u53d7\u5230\u7834\u58de\uff0c\u4f7f\u6700\u521d\u7684\u5016\u5b58\u8005\u906d\u53d7\u98e2\u9913\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u66b4\u9732\u5728\u7dca\u96a8\u5730\u9707\u7684\u98a8\u66b4\u548c\u964d\u96ea\u4e4b\u4e2d\u3002\u96d6\u7136\u5bb9\u6613\u906d\u571f\u532a\u6436\u52ab\uff0c\u6578\u5343\u4eba\u5728\u6c92\u6709\u9053\u8def\u3001\u77d7\u7acb\u7684\u5efa\u7bc9\u7269\u3001\u719f\u6089\u7684\u5929\u7136\u5730\u6a19\u4e14\u8b8a\u5f62\u7684\u5730\u8c8c\u4e0a\u904a\u8569\u8457\u3002\u4e0d\u5e78\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u9707\u540e\u8c03\u67e5\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u6e05\u695a\u5730\u8bf4\u660e\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u5730\u9762\u9707\u52a8\u4e0e\u5c71\u4f53\u6ed1\u5761\uff0c\u5730\u9707\u540e\u7684\u9965\u997f\u6216\u66b4\u9732\u6709\u5173\u7684\u6b7b\u4ea1\u603b\u91cf\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u591a\u5c11\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u9700\u8981\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u3002[9]<\/a><\/p>\n

\u5be7\u590f\u7684\u99ac\u798f\u7965\u5c07\u8ecd\u548c\u5e73\u6dbc\u7684\u9678\u7d05\u6fe4\u5c07\u8ecd\u6307\u63ee\u7684\u90e8\u968a\u4e2d\uff0c\u58eb\u5175\u548c\u8ecd\u5b98\u7684\u884c\u52d5\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u7b2c\u4e00\u6279\u707d\u96e3\u60c5\u5831\uff0c\u4e26\u64d4\u4efb\u7b2c\u4e00\u6279\u6551\u96e3\u4eba\u54e1\uff0c\u5728\u6700\u53d7\u5275\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u5730\u5340\uff0c\u767c\u653e\u5e33\u7bf7\u548c\u6551\u6025\u7ce7\u98df\u3002\u5728\u4e00\u4e9b\u5730\u5340\uff0c\u7576\u5730\u7684\u7d33\u58eb\u548c\u5546\u4eba\u5354\u6703\u8a2d\u7acb\u6d41\u52d5\u5eda\u623f\uff0c\u4e26\u63d0\u4f9b\u7dca\u6025\u63f4\u52a9\uff0c\u800c\u5176\u4ed6\u5730\u5340\u5247\u662f\u5730\u65b9\u5b98\u54e1\u5c07\u516c\u5009\u7684\u5e33\u7bf7\u548c\u7ce7\u98df\u767c\u653e\u7d66\u5927\u773e\u3002[10]<\/a><\/p>\n

\"Newspaper<\/a>

1921\u5e742\u670828\u65e5\uff0c\u5728\u5317\u4eac\u767c\u884c\u7684\u4e2d\u570b\u6c11\u5831\u9996\u9801\u4e0a\u7684\u7518\u8085\u6551\u6fdf\u516c\u544a\u3002<\/p>

Source: photograph by the author<\/p><\/div>\n

\u4e2d\u570b\u5176\u4ed6\u5730\u65b9\u7684\u7701\u7e23\u7d1a\u653f\u5e9c\u3001\u65c5\u5c45\u5317\u4eac\uff0c\u4e0a\u6d77\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e2d\u570b\u5883\u5916\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u5730\u5340\u7684\u7518\u8085\u4eba\u6240\u7d44\u6210\u7684\u52df\u6b3e\u5718\u9ad4\u3001\u6e56\u5357\u548c\u5409\u6797\u7701\u7b49\u7684\u6148\u5584\u6a5f\u69cb\uff0c\u7c4c\u52df\u4e86\u70ba\u6578\u4e0d\u591a\u7684\u6551\u96e3\u91d1\u548c\u7269\u8cc7\uff0c\u7531\u5317\u4eac\u7684\u4e2d\u592e\u653f\u5e9c\u6551\u96e3\u7576\u5c40\u767c\u653e\u3002[11]<\/a> \u4e4b\u5f8c\u5230\u4e86\u51ac\u5929\uff0c\u7518\u8085\u7684\u5916\u570b\u50b3\u6559\u58eb\u4e5f\u52a0\u5165\u91cd\u5efa\u793e\u5340\u3001\u91cd\u65b0\u958b\u653e\u901a\u4fe1\u548c\u904b\u8f38\u8def\u7dda\u3001\u5728\u6625\u5929\u878d\u96ea\u800c\u6709\u6c34\u707d\u5a01\u8105\u4e4b\u524d\u6e05\u901a\u6cb3\u6d41\u7b49\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002[12]<\/a><\/p>\n

1920\u5e74\u5e95\u548c1921\u5e74\u521d\uff0c\u7518\u8085\u906d\u53d7\u707d\u96e3\u6642\uff0c\u6b63\u503c\u83ef\u5317\u9951\u8352\u6700\u56b4\u91cd\uff0c\u83ef\u5317\u5e73\u539f\u7684\u4e8c\u5343\u81f3\u4e09\u5343\u842c\u4eba\u7d93\u6b77\u4e7e\u65f1\u5c0e\u81f4\u7684\u9951\u8352\uff0c\u7372\u5f97\u7684\u95dc\u6ce8\u6709\u9650\uff0c\u800c\u4e2d\u570b\u653f\u5e9c\u8207\u4e00\u822c\u5927\u773e\u7684\u6551\u707d\u80fd\u529b\u4e5f\u6709\u9650\u30021921\u5e74\u7518\u8085\u6551\u707d\u91cd\u5efa\u6240\u7372\u5f97\u7684\u8cc7\u6e90\uff0c\u7121\u7591\u5730\u50c5\u50c5\u662f\u5c0f\u5c0f\u88dc\u511f\u5730\u9707\u5c0d\u4eba\u6c11\u9020\u6210\u7684\u5de8\u5927\u640d\u5931\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8cc7\u6599\u4f86\u6e90<\/h2>\n

\u5c0d\u65bc1920\u5e74\u7684\u6d77\u539f\u5730\u9707\uff0c\u4e2d\u570b\u897f\u5317\u5730\u5340\u7684\u7701\u7d1a\u6a94\u6848\u8cc7\u6599\uff0c\u51fa\u4eba\u610f\u6599\u5730\u7f3a\u4e4f\u3002\u672c\u6587\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u6b77\u53f2\uff0c\u6563\u843d\u7684\u65b0\u805e\u5831\u5c0e\uff0c\u5f59\u7de8\u7684\u5730\u9707\u6578\u64da\u548c\u50b3\u6559\u58eb\u4f5c\u54c1\uff0c\u90fd\u5c55\u793a\u5728\u6b64\u4e8b\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u8cc7\u6599\u4f86\u6e90\u7684\u9650\u5236\u3002<\/p>\n

\u82f1\u570b\u66fc\u5fb9\u65af\u7279\u5927\u5b78\u6771\u4e9e\u6b77\u53f2\u7cfb\uff0c\u76ae\u8036 \u5085\u52d2 (Pierre Fuller) \u6559\u6388\u3002<\/strong>
\n\u7ffb\u8b6f: \u90b1\u5955\u9f4a <\/b><\/p>\n

\n

\u6ce8\u91cb<\/h4>\n

[1]<\/a> He Xiubin, Keli Tang, and Xinbao Zhang, \u201cSoil Erosion Dynamics on the Chinese Loess Plateau in the Last 10,000 Years,\u201d Mo<\/em>un<\/em>ta<\/em>in<\/em> Re<\/em>search<\/em> and<\/em> D<\/em>evelop<\/em>m<\/em>en<\/em>t<\/em> 24\/4 (2004), 342\u20133.<\/p>\n

[2]<\/a> Li Tianchi, \u201cLandslide Disasters and Human Responses in China,\u201d Mountain Research and<\/em> Development <\/em>14\/4 (1994), 342.<\/p>\n

[3]<\/a> Guojia dizhen ju Lanzhou dizhen yanjiusuo, ed., Yijiuerling nian Haiyuan da dizhen<\/em> (1980), 1. http:\/\/earthquake.usgs.gov\/earthquakes\/world\/events\/1920_12_16.php<\/p>\n

[4]<\/a> Ebenezer J. Mann, \u201cThe Earthquake,\u201d Links with China and Other Lands <\/em>31 (April 1921), 331 (MS380302, SOAS Library, University of London).<\/p>\n

[5]<\/a> Zhongguo minbao<\/em> (Beijing), 1-5 March 1921. Jiuzai zhoukan<\/em> (Beijing), 13 March 1921. Xinlong zazhi<\/em> (Beijing), 20 April 1921. Xie Jiarong, Minguo jiu nian shier yue Gansu dizhen baogao<\/em>, republished in Gansu<\/em> sheng dizhen ziliao huibian<\/em>, ed. Guojia dizhen ju Lanzhou dizhen yanjiu suo (Lanzhou, 1989), 277\u2013350.<\/p>\n

[6]<\/a> Zhongguo minbao<\/em> (Beijing), 26 Feb. 1921.<\/p>\n

[7]<\/a> Zhongguo minbao<\/em>, 1-5 March 1921.<\/p>\n

[8]<\/a> Jiuzai zhoukan<\/em>, 13 March 1921. Xinlong zazhi<\/em>, 20 April 1921.<\/p>\n

[9]<\/a> Upton Close and Elsie McCormick, \u201cWhen the Mountains Walked: an account of the most recent earthquake in Kansu Province, China, which destroyed 100,000 lives,\u201d National Geographic Magazine <\/em>41\/5 (May 1922), 445\u201364.<\/p>\n

[10]<\/a> Aiguo baihua bao<\/em> (Beijing), 25 Dec. 1920. North China Herald<\/em> (Shanghai), 15 Jan. 1921. Minguo Guyuan xianzhi <\/em>vol. 1 (Yinchuan, 1992), 689, 692.<\/p>\n

[11]<\/a> Xinren zhenzai ji<\/em>, (Gansu Provincial Library).<\/p>\n

[12]<\/a> Wang Lie, Diaocha Gansu dizhen zhi baogao<\/em> (Gansu Provincial Library). Mrs Howard Taylor, The Call of China\u2019s Great Northwest: Kansu and Beyond<\/em> (London, c. 1923), 46-57.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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