{"id":754,"date":"2018-02-10T16:17:30","date_gmt":"2018-02-10T16:17:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/disasterhistory.org\/?p=754"},"modified":"2018-02-11T16:04:35","modified_gmt":"2018-02-11T16:04:35","slug":"wenchuan-earthquake-2008","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/disasterhistory.org\/zh-TW\/wenchuan-earthquake-2008","title":{"rendered":"\u6c76\u5ddd\u5927\u5730\u9707, 2008"},"content":{"rendered":"

English<\/a><\/p>\n

2008\u5e745\u670812\u65e5\uff0c\u4e2d\u570b\u897f\u5357\u7684\u56db\u5ddd\u6c76\u5ddd\u7e23\u906d\u53d78.0\u7d1a\u5730\u9707\uff0c\u56b4\u91cd\u5f71\u97ff\u8a72\u7701\u5317\u90e8\u5730\u5340\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u9130\u8fd1\u7684\u7518\u8085\u7701\u548c\u965d\u897f\u7701 \u3002\u5171\u6709\u5341\u500b\u7701\u4efd\u53d7\u5230\u5730\u9707\u7684\u7834\u58de\u3002\u751a\u81f3\u5317\u4eac\u8207\u4e0a\u6d77\u4e5f\u611f\u53d7\u5230\u5730\u9707\u3002\u5730\u9707\u5f9e\u4e0b\u53482:28:01\u958b\u59cb\uff0c\u9707\u592e\u5728\u6620\u79c0\u93ae\uff0c\u6df1\u5ea6\u70ba19\u516c\u91cc\u3002\u6839\u64da\u5b98\u65b9\u5831\u544a\uff0c\u53d7\u6c76\u5ddd\u5730\u9707\u5f71\u97ff\u768451\u500b\u7e23\u88ab\u6b78\u985e\u70ba \u300c\u56b4\u91cd\u300d\u6216\u300c\u975e\u5e38\u56b4\u91cd\u300d\u3002\u707d\u60c5\u6700\u56b4\u91cd\u7684\u7e23\u5e02\uff0c\u5728\u5730\u9707\u7576\u6642\u52a0\u8d77\u4f86\u7684\u4eba\u53e3\u7d04\u6709\u56db\u767e\u842c\u4eba\uff0c\u906d\u53d7\u5e7e\u8fd1\u5fb9\u5e95\u7684\u7834\u58de\u3002\u53d7\u5275\u6700\u56b4\u91cd\u7684\u5730\u5340\u4e3b\u8981\u7531\u5c11\u6578\u6c11\u65cf\u5c45\u4f4f\uff0c\u4f4d\u65bc\u5c71\u4e0a\u7684\u9109\u6751\u3002\u591a\u6b21\u7684\u5f37\u70c8\u9918\u9707\uff0c\u5c71\u5d29\uff0c\u571f\u77f3\u6d41\uff0c\u5830\u585e\u6e56\uff08\u56e0\u5c71\u5d29\u6216\u571f\u77f3\u6d41\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u6cb3\u5e8a\uff0c\u5132\u6c34\u5f8c\u5f62\u6210\u6e56\u6cca\uff09\u4ee5\u53ca\u60e1\u52a3\u7684\u5929\u6c23\u72c0\u6cc1\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u6551\u63f4\u884c\u52d5\u5099\u53d7\u6311\u6230\u3002\u6c76\u5ddd\u5730\u9707\u5171\u5f71\u97ff\u56db\u5343\u4e94\u767e\u4e94\u5341\u842c\u4eba\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u80cc\u666f<\/h2>\n

\u96e2\u5317\u4eac\u590f\u5b63\u5967\u904b\u958b\u5e55\u5178\u79ae\u53ea\u670988\u5929\uff0c\u767c\u751f\u6c76\u5ddd\u5730\u9707\u3002\u4e00\u958b\u59cb\uff0c\u8b93\u4eba\u8cea\u7591\u4e2d\u570b\u662f\u5426\u80fd\u5920\u5728\u91cd\u5927\u707d\u96e3\u767c\u751f\u4e0d\u4e45\u5f8c\u4e3b\u8fa6\u9019\u5834\u570b\u969b\u7af6\u8cfd\uff0c\u4f46\u4e2d\u570b\u653f\u5e9c\u8fc5\u901f\u5411\u570b\u969b\u9ad4\u80b2\u5718\u9ad4\u4fdd\u8b49\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u7684\u7c4c\u5099\u5de5\u4f5c\u5c07\u5982\u671f\u9032\u884c\u30022008\u5e743\u6708\uff0c\u7531\u65bc\u5967\u904b\u5373\u5c07\u5230\u4f86\u4ee5\u53ca\u897f\u85cf\u767c\u751f\u93ae\u58d3\u6297\u8b70\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u4e2d\u570b\u6210\u70ba\u7126\u9ede\u3002\u56e0\u70ba\u570b\u969b\u7684\u95dc\u6ce8\u63d0\u9ad8\uff0c\u8b93\u4e2d\u570b\u66f4\u52a0\u611f\u53d7\u5230\u6709\u6548\u8655\u7406\u707d\u96e3\u4ee5\u53ca\u5f37\u8abf\u570b\u5bb6\u5718\u7d50\u7684\u58d3\u529b\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u57282008\u5e74\u7a0d\u65e9\u7684\u6642\u5019\uff0c\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u66b4\u98a8\u96ea\u8972\u64ca\u83ef\u5357\u5730\u5340\uff0c\u7671\u7613\u4ea4\u901a\u4e26\u9020\u6210\u5176\u4ed6\u76f8\u95dc\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u4e2d\u570b\u653f\u5e9c\u70ba\u6b64\u53d7\u5230\u5f37\u70c8\u62a8\u64ca\u3002\u9019\u500b\u66b4\u98a8\u96ea\u767c\u751f\u5728\u6700\u7cdf\u7684\u6642\u6a5f\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u662f\u5728\u8fb2\u66c6\u6625\u7bc0\u671f\u9593\uff0c\u9019\u6642\u6578\u767e\u842c\u4eba\u8981\u8fd4\u9109\u5718\u5713\u3002\u4eba\u6c11\u88ab\u56f0\u5728\u706b\u8eca\u7ad9\u591a\u5929\uff0c\u800c\u653f\u5e9c\u5c0d\u6b64\u7684\u53cd\u61c9\uff0c\u666e\u904d\u88ab\u8a8d\u70ba\u7de9\u6162\u800c\u6c92\u6709\u529b\u9053\u3002[1]<\/a><\/p>\n

<\/object><\/p>\n

2008\u5e745\u670815\u65e5 \u82f1\u570b\u5ee3\u64ad\u516c\u53f8\u5831\u5c0e\u6c76\u5ddd\u5730\u9707\u7684\u65b0\u805e\u526a\u8f2f\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

Source: BBC, \u2018China Sichuan Quake – BBC report,\u2019 newsreel, May 15, 2008<\/p>\n

\u96d6\u7136\u9577\u671f\u4ee5\u4f86\u9810\u6e2c\u9019\u500b\u5730\u5340\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u767c\u751f\u5927\u5730\u9707\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5c0d\u653f\u5e9c\u4ee5\u53ca\u7576\u5730\u5c45\u6c11\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u6c76\u5ddd\u5730\u9707\u90fd\u8b93\u4eba\u610f\u5916\u3002\u9577\u4e45\u4ee5\u4f86\u5927\u5bb6\u90fd\u77e5\u9053\u56db\u5ddd\u662f\u5730\u9707\u6d3b\u8e8d\u5340\uff0c\u800c\u677f\u584a\u904b\u52d5\u6240\u5728\u5730\u7684\u9f8d\u9580\u5c71\u65b7\u5c64\u5177\u6709\u4e0d\u5b89\u5b9a\u7684\u6b77\u53f2\u3002[2]<\/a>2004\u5e74\uff0c\u4e2d\u570b\u5730\u9707\u5c40\u6307\u5b9a\u7518\u8085 – \u963f\u58e9\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u9f8d\u9580\u5c71\u65b7\u5c64\uff0c\u4f5c\u70ba\u5730\u9707\u76e3\u6e2c\u8207\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u5371\u96aa\u5340\u57df\u3002[3]<\/a> \u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u56db\u5ddd\u7701\u653f\u5e9c\u57282005\u5e74\u767c\u4f48\u4e86\u52a0\u5f37\u5730\u9707\u76e3\u6e2c\u4ee5\u53ca\u6e1b\u707d\u63aa\u65bd\u7684\u8a08\u5283\uff0c\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u516c\u773e\u7684\u707d\u5bb3\u610f\u8b58\u3002[4]<\/a> \u8a72\u8a08\u5283\u7279\u5225\u5f37\u8abf\u900f\u904e\u4ee5\u4e0b\u65b9\u6cd5\u4f86\u6539\u5584\u8fb2\u6751\u7684\u5b89\u5168\uff1a\u6559\u80b2\u6c11\u773e\u6297\u9707\u7684\u5efa\u7bc9\u5de5\u6cd5\uff0c\u6539\u5584\u65bd\u5de5\u54c1\u8cea\uff0c\u6539\u5584\u6c34\u529b\u767c\u96fb\u8a2d\u65bd\u7684\u5b89\u5168\uff0c\u66f4\u56b4\u5bc6\u76e3\u7763\u662f\u5426\u9075\u5b88\u90fd\u5e02\u7684\u6297\u9707\u5efa\u7bc9\u6a19\u6e96\u3002<\/p>\n

2005\u5e74\u7684\u5730\u9707\u76e3\u6e2c\u8a08\u5283\uff0c\u9084\u4e0d\u6e05\u695a\u6709\u591a\u5927\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\uff0c\u4f46\u81f3\u5c11\u6c76\u5ddd\u548c\u7dbf\u967d\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u653f\u5e9c\u5df2\u7d93\u958b\u59cb\u9032\u884c\u5730\u9707\u6e2c\u9a57\u6bd4\u8cfd\uff0c\u4ee5\u6559\u80b2\u516c\u773e\u4e86\u89e3\u5730\u9707\u7684\u5371\u5bb3\u3002[5]<\/a> \u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5118\u7ba1\u9032\u884c\u6cd5\u5f8b\u6539\u9769\uff0c\u4f46\u5099\u707d\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4ecd\u7136\u4e0d\u8db3\uff0c\u8a31\u591a\u5efa\u7bc9\u7269\u90fd\u7121\u6cd5\u627f\u53d7\u9707\u52d5\u3002 \u5730\u9707\u767c\u751f\u5f8c\uff0c\u6e05\u83ef\u5927\u5b78\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5c0f\u7d44\u8207\u897f\u5357\u4ea4\u901a\u5927\u5b78\u548c\u5317\u4eac\u4ea4\u901a\u5927\u5b78\u5408\u4f5c\u5c55\u958b\u5efa\u7bc9\u7269\u640d\u58de\u8abf\u67e5\uff0c\u5831\u544a\u63d0\u5230\uff0c\u8a31\u591a\u5efa\u7bc9\u7269\uff0c\u7279\u5225\u662f\u5b78\u6821\u548c\u5de5\u696d\u5efa\u7bc9\uff0c\u7f3a\u4e4f\u8db3\u5920\u7684\u6297\u9707\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u7814\u7a76\u5831\u544a\u7684\u4f5c\u8005\u662f\u6e05\u83ef\u5927\u5b78\u9632\u707d\u6e1b\u707d\u8a08\u756b\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7684\u9678\u65b0\u73cd\u6559\u6388\uff0c\u9678\u6559\u6388\u5c07\u539f\u56e0\u6b78\u548e\u65bc\u9810\u9632\u63aa\u65bd\u61c9\u7528\u4e0a\u7684\u5931\u6557\u3002[6]<\/a><\/p>\n

\u640d\u5bb3<\/h2>\n

\u6839\u64da2008\u5e748\u670825\u65e5\u767c\u5e03\u7684\u5b98\u65b9\u8a18\u9304\uff0c\u6b7b\u4ea1\u4eba\u6578\u70ba69,226\u4eba\uff0c\u50b7\u8005\u70ba374,643\u4eba\uff0c\u5931\u8e2a\u768417,923\u4eba\u88ab\u8a8d\u5b9a\u6b7b\u4ea1\u3002[7]<\/a> \u81f3\u5c111500\u842c\u4eba\u64a4\u96e2\u5bb6\u5712\uff0c500\u591a\u842c\u4eba\u7121\u5bb6\u53ef\u6b78\u3002\u56db\u5ddd\u7701\u3001\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u91cd\u6176\u3001\u7518\u8085\u3001\u6e56\u5317\u3001\u965d\u897f\u3001\u96f2\u5357\u7b49\u5730\u4f30\u8a08\u6709536\u842c\u68df\u5efa\u7bc9\u5012\u584c\uff0c2100\u591a\u842c\u68df\u5efa\u7bc9\u53d7\u640d\u3002\u6574\u9ad4\u7684\u7d93\u6fdf\u640d\u5931\u4f30\u8a08\u70ba8000\u5104\u5143\u3002\u5317\u5ddd\uff0c\u90fd\u6c5f\u5830\uff0c\u70cf\u9f8d\uff0c\u6620\u79c0\u5e7e\u4e4e\u5168\u6bc0\u3002\u5c71\u5d29\u548c\u843d\u77f3\u640d\u58de\u6216\u6bc0\u58de\u5317\u5ddd\u6c76\u5ddd\u5730\u5340\u7684\u5e7e\u689d\u5c71\u8def\u548c\u9435\u8def\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u63a9\u57cb\u5efa\u7bc9\u7269\uff0c\u5207\u65b7\u9032\u5165\u8a72\u5730\u5340\u7684\u901a\u9053\u9054\u6578\u5929\u4e4b\u4e45\u3002[8]<\/a><\/p>\n

\"Wenchuan<\/a><\/p>\n

\u707d\u96e3\u53cd\u61c9<\/h2>\n

\u6709\u95dc\u5730\u9707\u7684\u6d88\u606f\uff0c\u7576\u5c40\u63a1\u53d6\u8fc5\u901f\u7684\u56de\u61c9\u3002\u5728\u4e3b\u9707\u904e90\u5206\u9418\u5f8c\uff0c\u6eab\u5bb6\u5bf6\u7e3d\u7406\u98db\u5230\u707d\u5340\u76e3\u7763\u6551\u63f4\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002[9]<\/a> \u5730\u9707\u7576\u5929\uff0c\u653f\u5e9c\u958b\u59cb\u5c07\u7269\u8cc7\u9001\u5230\u707d\u5340\uff0c\u4e26\u52d5\u54e1\u5927\u7d0413\u842c\u81f314\u842c\u4eba\u6c11\u89e3\u653e\u8ecd\u548c\u6e96\u8ecd\u4e8b\u8b66\u5bdf\u5230\u53d7\u5f71\u97ff\u7684\u5730\u5340\u3002\u653f\u5e9c\u90e8\u9580\u3001\u5171\u9752\u5718\u9019\u985e\u5927\u578b\u7684\u7d44\u7e54\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e2d\u570b\u7d05\u5341\u5b57\u6703\u9019\u985e\u516c\u76ca\u7d44\u7e54\u6d3e\u9001\u7269\u8cc7\u548c\u641c\u6551\u968a\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u900f\u904e\u570b\u5bb6\u7db2\u7d61\u4f86\u52d5\u54e1\u5fd7\u5de5\u548c\u8cc7\u91d1\u3002\u5730\u9707\u767c\u751f\u4e00\u5468\u5f8c\uff0c\u56db\u5ddd\u7701\u5171\u9752\u5718\u4f30\u8a08\u5728\u5730\u9707\u5340\u5927\u7d04\u670920\u842c\u540d\u5fd7\u5de5\u3002[10]<\/a> \u5171\u9752\u5718\u548c\u7d05\u5341\u5b57\u6703\u80fd\u5920\u8fc5\u901f\u53d6\u5f97\u5728\u707d\u5340\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u8a31\u53ef\uff0c\u70ba\u6551\u707d\u5de5\u4f5c\u7c4c\u96c6\u8cc7\u91d1\uff0c\u4f46\u7f3a\u4e4f\u6709\u6548\u5229\u7528\u8cc7\u6e90\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u4eba\u54e1\u3002[11]<\/a><\/p>\n

\u707d\u96e3\u767c\u751f\u5f8c\u7576\u4e0b\uff0c\u5a92\u9ad4\u88ab\u5141\u8a31\u4ee5\u975e\u5e38\u958b\u653e\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u5f9e\u707d\u5340\u5831\u5c0e\uff0c\u6709\u4e00\u6bb5\u6642\u9593\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u767c\u8868\u975e\u5e38\u6279\u5224\u6027\u7684\u5831\u5c0e\u3002[12]<\/a> \u9019\u500b\u76f8\u7576\u958b\u653e\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\u70ba\u6642\u77ed\u66ab\uff0c\u662f\u4e2d\u83ef\u4eba\u6c11\u5171\u548c\u570b\u9996\u5ea6\u8b93\u5a92\u9ad4\u71b1\u70c8\u5730\u63a5\u89f8\u5230\u5927\u898f\u6a21\u7684\u707d\u96e3\u548c\u82e6\u96e3\u7684\u5834\u666f\uff0c\u9019\u7a2e\u7d93\u6b77\u4f7f\u5927\u773e\u666e\u904d\u7522\u751f\u5c0d\u7f79\u96e3\u8005\u548c\u751f\u9084\u8005\u7684\u540c\u60c5\u3002\u500b\u4eba\u3001\u516c\u53f8\u548c\u6c11\u9593\u793e\u6703\u7d44\u7e54\u81ea\u767c\u6027\u7684\u85c9\u7531\u6350\u6b3e\u3001\u6350\u8840\u548c\u6350\u8d08\u8ca8\u7269\u4f86\u5e6b\u52a9\u707d\u6c11\u3002\u8a31\u591a\u5fd7\u5de5\u9084\u9032\u5230\u707d\u5340\u5354\u52a9\u6551\u63f4\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u800c\u7576\u5730\u7684\u8a08\u7a0b\u8eca\u53f8\u6a5f\u5247\u63d0\u4f9b\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4ea4\u901a\u7ba1\u9053\u3002[13]<\/a> \u5373\u4f7f\u4e2d\u570b\u7576\u5c40\u62b1\u6301\u61f7\u7591\u7684\u614b\u5ea6\u4f86\u770b\u5f85\u975e\u653f\u5e9c\u7d44\u7e54\uff0c\u4f46\u6c76\u5ddd\u5730\u9707\u904e\u5f8c\u4e0d\u4e45\uff0c\u537b\u66ab\u6642\u653e\u5bec\u4e86\u6cd5\u5f8b\u9650\u5236\u3002\u4e0d\u904e\uff0c\u975e\u653f\u5e9c\u7d44\u7e54\u548c\u975e\u6b63\u5f0f\u7684\u5718\u9ad4\u4ecd\u7136\u906d\u9047\u5230\u7576\u5c40\u7684\u5201\u96e3\u3002[14]<\/a> \u5118\u7ba1\u9762\u81e8\u6311\u6230\uff0c\u5fd7\u5de5\u548c\u57fa\u5c64\u7d44\u7e54\u5728\u6551\u63f4\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e2d\u767c\u63ee\u4e86\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u4ed6\u5011\u9019\u985e\u4efb\u52d9\u7684\u7d93\u9a57\u4e0d\u8db3\uff0c\u5076\u723e\u6703\u62db\u81f4\u6279\u8a55\uff0c\u800c\u8b93\u4ed6\u5011\u53c3\u8207\u6551\u707d\u7684\u9019\u500b\u6a5f\u9047\u5176\u5be6\u662f\u76f8\u7576\u77ed\u66ab\u7684\u3002\u9700\u6c42\u5e6b\u5fd9\u7684\u898f\u6a21\u9060\u9060\u58d3\u904e\u7576\u5c40\u8655\u7406\u9019\u7a2e\u60c5\u6cc1\u7684\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u9664\u6b64\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u53d7\u5275\u6700\u56b4\u91cd\u7684\u5730\u5340\u5176\u7576\u5730\u7684\u570b\u5bb6\u6a5f\u95dc\u53d7\u5230\u56b4\u91cd\u7834\u58de\u3002[15]<\/a><\/p>\n

\"Jianchuan<\/a>

\u653e\u5728\u56db\u5ddd\u7701\u9996\u5e9c\u6210\u90fd\u90ca\u5340\u7684\u528d\u5ddd\u535a\u7269\u9928\u7fa4\u7684\u6c76\u5ddd\u5730\u9707\u58c1\u756b\u3002<\/p>

Source: Jianchuan museum mural, photo taken by author<\/p><\/div>\n

\u653f\u5e9c\u5c0d\u6c76\u5ddd\u5730\u9707\u7684\u8655\u7406\u53cd\u61c9\u5f88\u5feb\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u82071976\u5e74\u5510\u5c71\u5730\u9707\u62162008\u5e74\u5e74\u521d\u7684\u66b4\u98a8\u96ea\u76f8\u6bd4\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u7406\u67e5\u5fb7\u00b7\u8607\u7279\u9081\u723e\u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c\u8207\u4e0a\u8ff0\u707d\u5bb3\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u53cd\u61c9\u6642\u9593\u826f\u597d\uff0c\u4e2d\u592e\u5404\u90e8\u9580\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u6a5f\u69cb\u5354\u8abf\u3001\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e2d\u592e\u5404\u90e8\u9580\u548c\u5730\u65b9\u7576\u5c40\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u5354\u8abf\u90fd\u76f8\u7576\u6709\u6548\uff0c\u4fe1\u606f\u7ba1\u7406\u6709\u6240\u6539\u5584\uff0c\u6c11\u9593\u7684\u793e\u6703\u884c\u52d5\u8005\u6709\u6a5f\u6703\u53c3\u8207\u97ff\u61c9\u3002[16]<\/a> \u7136\u800c\uff0c\u554f\u984c\u4e26\u4e0d\u7f55\u898b\u3002\u5e73\u6c11\u9818\u8896\u548c\u8ecd\u4e8b\u9818\u8896\u9593\u7684\u6307\u63ee\u93c8\u5b58\u5728\u8457\u554f\u984c; \u6b20\u7f3a\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u8a2d\u5099\uff0c\u5982\u5e33\u7bf7\u548c\u9632\u6c34\u5e03; \u5099\u707d\u6c34\u5e73\u4e0d\u8db3; \u8150\u6557\u963b\u7919\u91cd\u5efa\u3002[17]<\/a> \u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u7531\u65bc\u9053\u8def\u5c01\u9589\u548c\u5c08\u696d\u6551\u63f4\u968a\u6578\u91cf\u4e0d\u8db3\uff0c\u6709\u597d\u5e7e\u5929\u7684\u6642\u9593\u5916\u754c\u7121\u6cd5\u9032\u5165\u5e7e\u500b\u504f\u9060\u548c\u5206\u6563\u7684\u6751\u838a\u3002[18]<\/a><\/p>\n

\u91cd\u5efa\u5de5\u4f5c<\/h2>\n

\u5728\u300c\u6c76\u5ddd\u5730\u9707\u5f8c\u4fee\u5fa9\u548c\u91cd\u5efa\u7e3d\u9ad4\u898f\u5283\u300d\u4e2d\uff0c\u7e3d\u6210\u672c\u4f30\u8a08\u70ba\u4e00\u5146\u5143\u3002[19]<\/a> \u707d\u5340\u5404\u7701\u7d1a\u653f\u5e9c\u8ca0\u8cac\u57f7\u884c\u707d\u5f8c\u4fee\u5fa9\u548c\u91cd\u5efa\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u5730\u65b9\uff08\u9109\uff0c\u6751\/\u793e\u5340\uff09\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u4efb\u52d9\u662f\u5206\u914d\u88dc\u511f\u91d1\u548c\u5efa\u9020\u4f4f\u6240\u3002\u7e23\u7d1a\u4ee5\u4e0a\u653f\u5e9c\u88ab\u8981\u6c42\u52df\u6b3e\u505a\u70ba\u4fee\u5fa9\u548c\u91cd\u5efa\u4e4b\u7528\uff0c\u52df\u6b3e\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u5982\u653f\u5e9c\u6295\u8cc7\u3001\u4e00\u5c0d\u4e00\u63f4\u52a9\u3001\u793e\u6703\u96c6\u8cc7\u3001\u548c\u5e02\u5834\u904b\u4f5c\u7b49\u3002[20]<\/a><\/p>\n

<\/object><\/p>\n

2008\u5e745\u6708\uff0c\u4e2d\u592e\u96fb\u8996\u53f0\u65b0\u805e\u526a\u8f2f\u5831\u5c0e\u6c76\u5ddd\u5730\u9707\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

Source: CCTV, \u2018CCTV report of Sichuan earthquake,\u2019 newsreel, May 12, 2008<\/p>\n

\u5b98\u65b9\u8a2d\u5b9a\u7684\u76ee\u6a19\u662f\u57282010\u5e749\u6708\u5b8c\u6210\u4f4f\u623f\u91cd\u5efa\uff0c\u4f46\u6839\u64daCASTED\uff08\u4e2d\u570b\u79d1\u5b78\u6280\u8853\u767c\u5c55\u7814\u7a76\u9662\uff09\u548c\u632a\u5a01\u6cd5\u798f\u61c9\u7528\u570b\u969b\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u9032\u884c\u7684\u8abf\u67e5\uff0c\u53d7\u8abf\u67e5\u7684\u4f4f\u6236\u67090.6\uff05\u4ecd\u7136\u4f4f\u57282011\u5e74\u590f\u5929\u642d\u5efa\u7684\u5e33\u7bf7\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u81e8\u6642\u623f\u5c4b\u3002[21]<\/a> \u9700\u8981\u4fee\u7406\u6216\u91cd\u5efa\u5bb6\u5712\u7684\u5bb6\u5ead\u7372\u5f97\u73fe\u91d1\u88dc\u8cbc\uff0c\u4f4e\u5229\u7387\u8cb8\u6b3e\u548c\u514d\u7a05\uff0c\u4f46\u5bb6\u5ead\u5132\u84c4\u4ecd\u7136\u662f\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u8cc7\u91d1\u4f86\u6e90\uff0c\u7279\u5225\u662f\u90a3\u4e9b\u9700\u8981\u8cfc\u8cb7\u6216\u91cd\u5efa\u623f\u5c4b\u7684\u6c11\u773e\u3002\u5728\u5fc5\u9808\u4fee\u5c4b\u6216\u8cb7\u623f\u7684\u5bb6\u5ead\u4e2d\uff0c\u670980\uff05\u7372\u5f97\u653f\u5e9c\u88dc\u52a9\u3002\u653f\u5e9c\u88dc\u52a9\u7d04\u5360\u57ce\u9109\u4fee\u88dc\u8cbb\u768440\uff05\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5fc5\u9808\u91cd\u5efa\u6216\u8cfc\u8cb7\u65b0\u623f\u7684\u8fb2\u6751\u5bb6\u5ead\u6240\u7372\u5f97\u7684\u653f\u5e9c\u88dc\u52a9\u50c5\u670926\uff05\uff0c\u800c\u57ce\u5e02\u5730\u5340\u53ea\u670912\uff05\u3002[22]<\/a> \u5927\u591a\u6578\u8fb2\u6751\u5bb6\u5ead\u9760\u81ea\u5df1\u6216\u8005\u5728\u7e23[23]<\/a> \u548c\u5730\u65b9\u5c64\u7d1a\u7684\u653f\u5e9c\u6307\u5c0e\u4e0b\u91cd\u5efa\u623f\u5c4b\uff0c\u7136\u800c\u57ce\u5e02\u5bb6\u5ead\u6bd4\u8f03\u53ef\u80fd\u6536\u5230\u65b0\u623f\u5b50\uff0c\u65b0\u623f\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u7279\u5225\u6253\u9020\u7684\u66ff\u4ee3\u54c1\u6216\u65b0\u6dfb\u8cfc\u7684\u5c4b\u5b50\u3002[24]<\/a><\/p>\n

\u5373\u4f7f\u56db\u5ddd\u7701\u653f\u5e9c\u8981\u6c42\u5c0d\u6240\u6709\u53d7\u5f71\u97ff\u7684\u623f\u5c4b\u63a5\u53d7\u8a55\u4f30\uff0c\u4e26\u5728\u4fee\u5fa9\u548c\u91cd\u5efa\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\u63a1\u53d6\u9632\u9707\u63aa\u65bd\uff0c\u4f46\u9019\u4e9b\u653f\u7b56\u6c92\u6709\u59a5\u5584\u5730\u5177\u9ad4\u5be6\u65bd\u3002\u632a\u5a01\u6cd5\u798f\u548c\u4e2d\u570b\u79d1\u5b78\u6280\u8853\u767c\u5c55\u7814\u7a76\u9662\u6240\u505a\u7684\u8abf\u67e5\u767c\u73fe\uff0c2011\u5e74\u91cd\u5efa\u5de5\u4f5c\u5b8c\u6210\u4e4b\u5f8c\uff0c\u8abf\u67e5\u5340\u53ea\u670943\uff05\u7684\u5bb6\u5ead\uff08N = 3754\u6236\uff09\u5c45\u4f4f\u5728\u63a1\u7528\u9632\u9707\u63aa\u65bd\u4f86\u5f37\u5316\u7684\u623f\u5c4b\u3002\u65b0\u5efa\u6216\u65b0\u8cfc\u7684\u623f\u5c4b\u5247\u60c5\u6cc1\u8f03\u597d\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d75\uff05\uff08N = 1500\u6236\uff09\u7b26\u5408\u6297\u9707\u5efa\u7bc9\u6a19\u6e96\u3002[25]<\/a><\/p>\n

\u707d\u96e3\u653f\u6cbb\u5b78<\/h2>\n

\u6c76\u5ddd\u707d\u96e3\u671f\u9593\u548c\u4e4b\u5f8c\uff0c\u570b\u5bb6\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u5ba3\u50b3\u5f37\u8abf\u5171\u7522\u9ee8\u7684\u9ad8\u6548\u7387\u9818\u5c0e\u548c\u4eba\u6c11\u89e3\u653e\u8ecd\u82f1\u52c7\u7684\u6551\u63f4\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u6c11\u65cf\u5718\u7d50\u548c\u5e73\u6c11\u767e\u59d3\u7121\u79c1\u7684\u82f1\u96c4\u4e3b\u7fa9\u4e5f\u662f\u5b98\u65b9\u8ad6\u8ff0\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u4e3b\u984c\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u4e00\u4e9b\u6d88\u606f\u537b\u8cea\u7591\u9019\u4e9b\u5f37\u8abf\u63f4\u6551\u7684\u7a4d\u6975\u9762\u7684\u6558\u8ff0\uff0c\u8a72\u6d88\u606f\u63d0\u5230\u6578\u5343\u540d\u5b78\u751f\u846c\u8eab\u5728\u52a3\u8cea\u7684\u5b78\u6821\u5efa\u7bc9\u7269\u4e2d\u3002\u78ba\u5207\u7684\u7f79\u96e3\u5b78\u751f\u4eba\u6578\u4e0d\u5f97\u800c\u77e5\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u6578\u5b57\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u5b98\u65b9\u516c\u5e03\u7684\u6b7b\u4ea1\u4eba\u6578\u70ba5,335\u4eba\uff0c\u800c\u8def\u900f\u793e\u5728\u707d\u5f8c\u4e0d\u4e45\u516c\u5e03\u7684\u4f30\u8a08\u6b7b\u4ea1\u4eba\u6578\u9ad8\u90549000\u4eba\u3002\u9019\u500b\u4f30\u8a08\u662f\u6839\u64da\u65b0\u83ef\u793e\u548c\u7576\u5730\u5a92\u9ad4\u5831\u5c0e\u6240\u516c\u5e03\u7684\u6578\u64da\u3002[26]<\/a><\/p>\n

\"Beichuan<\/a>

2014\u5e747\u6708\u6240\u770b\u5230\u7684\u820a\u5317\u5ddd\u5e02\uff0c\u73fe\u5728\u662f\u707d\u5340\u6236\u5916\u535a\u7269\u9928<\/p>

Source: Photo taken by the author, 2014<\/p><\/div>\n

\u5b78\u751f\u5bb6\u9577\u3001\u74b0\u4fdd\u4eba\u58eb\u8b5a\u4f5c\u4eba\u548c\u85dd\u8853\u5bb6\u827e\u672a\u672a\u7b49\u4eba\u91dd\u5c0d\u707d\u96e3\u7684\u5404\u500b\u65b9\u9762\u9032\u884c\u7368\u7acb\u8abf\u67e5\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5b78\u6821\u7684\u584c\u9677\u548c\u5b78\u751f\u7684\u6b7b\u4ea1\uff0c\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u56db\u5ddd\u7701\u5730\u8cea\u7926\u7522\u5c40\u7e3d\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e2b\u8096\u66c9\u9084\u767c\u8868\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u8072\u7a31\u5927\u7d2b\u576a\u8216\u6c34\u5eab\u53ef\u80fd\u589e\u52a0\u8a72\u5730\u5340\u7684\u4e0d\u7a69\u5b9a\u6027\uff0c\u5f15\u767c\u5730\u9707\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u9019\u9805\u7406\u8ad6\uff0c\u5145\u5176\u91cf\u53ea\u662f\u500b\u5047\u8a2d\u800c\u5df2\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5b83\u537b\u95dc\u9023\u5230\u653f\u5e9c\u8cac\u4efb\u548c\u56db\u5ddd\u6c34\u529b\u767c\u96fb\u8a08\u756b\u7684\u722d\u57f7\u7b49\u654f\u611f\u7684\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u9019\u5c31\u662f\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u9019\u500b\u8a71\u984c\u5728\u4e2d\u570b\u6703\u53d7\u5230\u5be9\u67e5\u3002[27]<\/a><\/p>\n

\u4f5c\u8005\uff1aMarjaanaM\u00e4enp\u00e4\u00e4\u662f\u82ac\u862d\u5716\u723e\u5eab\u5927\u5b78\u54f2\u5b78\u3001\u7576\u4ee3\u6b77\u53f2\u8207\u653f\u6cbb\u5b78\u7cfb\u7684\u535a\u58eb\u5019\u9078\u4eba\u3002<\/b>
\n\u7ffb\u8b6f: \u90b1\u5955\u9f4a <\/b><\/p>\n

\n

\u6ce8\u91cb<\/h4>\n

[1]<\/a> Xu, Bin (2012): \u201cGrandpa Wen: Scene and political performance\u201d. Sociological Theory<\/em>, 30(2), p.124.<\/p>\n

[2]<\/a> Qian Gang (2009a): \u201cLearning our hard lessons from Sichuan\u2019s March 2008 earthquake quiz competitions\u201d. China Media Project blog. May 12. <http:\/\/cmp.hku.hk\/2009\/05\/12\/1608\/>. [Accessed January 27, 2016.] For example, Beichuan suffered from M 6.2 earthquake in 1958 and in 1976 quakes took place at Songbo and Pingwu.<\/p>\n

[3]<\/a> Zhang, Peizhen: \u201c\u5341\u4e00\u5c4a\u5168\u56fd\u4eba\u5927\u5e38\u59d4\u4f1a\u4e13\u9898\u8bb2\u5ea7\u7b2c\u56db\u8bb2\u4e2d\u56fd\u5730\u9707\u707e\u5bb3\u4e0e\u9632\u9707\u51cf\u707e\u201d. Published on the website of the National People\u2019s Congress of the People\u2019s Republic of China. <http:\/\/www.npc.gov.cn\/npc\/xinwen\/2008-06\/30\/content_1435752.htm>. [Accessed February 1, 2016.]<\/p>\n

[4]<\/a> Sichuan zhengbao (2005): \u201d\u56db\u5ddd\u7701\u4eba\u6c11\u653f\u5e9c\u5173\u4e8e\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u52a0\u5f3a\u9632\u9707\u51cf\u707e\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u901a\u77e5\u201d. \u5ddd\u5e9c\u53d1\uff3b2005\uff3d6\u53f7. January 31.<http:\/\/www.sc.gov.cn\/sczb\/lmfl\/szfwj\/200706\/t20070608_185659.shtml>. [Accessed February 1, 2016.]<\/p>\n

[5]<\/a> Qian 2009a.<\/p>\n

[6]<\/a> China Media Project: \u201cA news story on school collapses tantalizes, then disappears\u201d. May 26, 2009. http:\/\/cmp.hku.hk\/2009\/05\/26\/1641\/<\/a>. [Accessed March 2, 2016.] The news story on the research originally appeared in China Economic Weekly <\/em>and was reposted by China Media Project.<\/p>\n

[7]<\/a> Xinhua: \u201d\u6743\u5a01\u53d1\u5e03\uff1a\u56db\u5ddd\u6c76\u5ddd\u5730\u9707\u6297\u9707\u6551\u707e\u8fdb\u5c55\u60c5\u51b5\u201d. August 25, 2008. <http:\/\/news.xinhuanet.com\/newscenter\/2008-08\/25\/content_9707753.htm>. [Accessed January 28, 2016.]<\/p>\n

[8]<\/a> US Geological Survey: \u201cM7.9 – eastern Sichuan, China\u201d. <http:\/\/earthquake.usgs.gov\/earthquakes\/eventpage\/usp000g650#general_summary>. [Accessed January 18, 2016.]<\/p>\n

[9]<\/a> China.com.cn: \u201d5.12\u56db\u5ddd\u6c76\u5ddd7.8\u7ea7\u5730\u9707\u65e5\u5fd7\uff1a5\u670812\u65e5\u201d. May 17, 2008. <http:\/\/www.china.com.cn\/news\/txt\/2008-05\/17\/content_15287221.htm>. [Accessed January 29, 2016.]<\/p>\n

[10]<\/a> GONGO = Government organized non-governmental organization. Shieh, Shawn & Deng Guosheng (2011): \u201cAn emerging civil society: The impact of the 2008 Sichuan earthquake on grassroots associations in China\u201d. Research report. The China Journal<\/em>, 65, p. 185.<\/p>\n

[11]<\/a> Xu, Bin (2014): \u201cConsensus crisis and civil society: The Sichuan earthquake response and state-society relations\u201d. The China Journal<\/em>, 71, p. 95.<\/p>\n

[12]<\/a> The Central Party Propaganda Department forbade sending journalists to the quake zone but this verbal ban was made obsolete by the Central Politburo, who instructed the Xinhua News Agency and China Central Television to report on the disaster in \u201ctimely, accurate, open and transparent\u201d manner (Xu 2012, p. 120). Nevertheless, the Central Propaganda Department prohibited the detailed reporting on school collapses on May 15, but in practice the ban was enforced only in June. Before that, several critical articles were published and even though most of them appeared online, they there published by established commercial media outlets such as Southern Metropolis Daily and Southern Weekend and even by Party mouthpieces, such as People\u2019s Daily and Xinhua. (Bandurski, David (2008):, \u2018\u4e2d\u56fd\u5a92\u4f53\u5927\u5730\u9707\u2019 (The great earthquake of Chinese Media). Wall Street Journal China Online, May 29. <http:\/\/chinese.wsj.com\/gb\/20080529\/opn091318.asp?source=email>. [Accessed 15 May 2014]; Qian, Gang, (2009b): \u201cLooking back on Chinese media reporting of school collapses\u201d. China Media Project blog, May 7. http:\/\/cmp.hku.hk\/2009\/05\/07\/1599\/. [Accessed 15 May 2014.])<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

[13]<\/a> Xu, Bin (2009): \u201cDurkheim in Sichuan: the earthquake, national solidarity and the politics of small things\u201d. Social Psychology Quarterly<\/em>, 72(1), pp. 5 – 8; Paik, Wooyeal (2011): \u201cAuthoritarianism and humanitarian aid: regime stability and external relief in China and Myanmar\u201d. The Pacific Review<\/em>, 24(4), pp. 439 – 462; Xu 2012, pp. 120 – 121.<\/p>\n

[14]<\/a> Roney, Britton (2011): \u201dEarthquakes and civil society: A comparative study of the response of China\u2019s nongovernment organizations to the Wenchuan earthquake\u201d. China Information<\/em> 25(1), p. 86; Xu 2014, pp. 98 – 99.<\/p>\n

[15]<\/a> Xu 2014, p. 94.<\/p>\n

[16]<\/a> Suttmeier, Richard P. (2011), \u201cChina\u2019s management of environmental crises\u201d. In Jae Ho Chung (ed.), China\u2019s Crisis Management<\/em>. Routledge, p. 116.<\/p>\n

[17]<\/a> See for example. Suttmeier 2011, pp. 116\u2013117; Yang, Jun et al (2014): \u201cComparison of two large earthquakes in China: the 2008 Sichuan Wenchuan Earthquake and the 2013 Sichuan Lushan Earthquake\u201d. Natural Hazards<\/em>, 73, p. 1130.<\/p>\n

[18]<\/a> Suttmeier 2011, 117; Xu 2014, p. 94.<\/p>\n

[19]<\/a> Central People\u2019s Government of the People\u2019s Republic of China: \u201d\u6c76\u5ddd\u5730\u9707\u707e\u540e\u6062\u590d\u91cd\u5efa\u603b\u4f53\u89c4\u5212\u201d.\u00a0 \u56fd\u53d1\u30142008\u301531\u53f7. September 23, 2008. <http:\/\/www.gov.cn\/zwgk\/2008-09\/23\/content_1103686.htm>. [Accessed February 1, 2016.]<\/p>\n

[20]<\/a> The State Council of the People\u2019s Republic of China: \u201cRegulations on Post-Wenchuan-Earthquake Restoration and Reconstruction\u201d. Order of the State Council of the People\u2019s Republic of China. Order No. 526. June 8, 2008. http:\/\/www.sc.gov.cn\/10462\/10758\/10759\/10764\/2012\/7\/26\/10219700.shtml<\/a>. [Accessed March 3, 2016.]; Dalen, Kristin, Hedda Flat\u00f8, Liu Jing and Zhang Huafeng (2012): Recovering from the Wenchuan Earthquake: Living Conditions and Development in the Disaster Areas 2008-2011<\/em>, Fafo-report, 39 \u00a0p. 174.<\/p>\n

[21]<\/a> Dalen et al (2012), p. 43. The first round of survey took place soon after the earthquake in 2008 (n=3652 households), the second one year later (n=4015 households), and the last three years later in the summer 2011 (n=3841 households).The final report (Dalen et al) was published in 2012. The stated purpose of the first survey was to provide Chinese authorities information on the circumstances and needs of the people living in the disaster area, while the second and third survey aimed at assessing the implementation of reconstruction plan and its impact on the affected households. Survey design, sampling methods and fieldwork are explained in the final report, Dalen et al (2012), pp. 15-16.<\/p>\n

[22]<\/a> Dalen et al (2012), pp. 36-37, 43-44.<\/p>\n

[23]<\/a> The State Council of the People\u2019s Republic of China: \u201cRegulations on Post-Wenchuan-Earthquake Restoration and Reconstruction\u201d.<\/p>\n

[24]<\/a> Dalen et al, p.43.<\/p>\n

[25]<\/a> Dalen et al., p. 49.<\/p>\n

[26]<\/a> The Guardian: \u201cChina releases earthquake death toll of children\u201d. May 7, 2009. <http:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2009\/may\/07\/china-earthquake-anniversary-death-toll>. [Accessed January 15, 2016.] Chen Min, \u2018[\u91cd\u5efa\u4e4b\u601d] \u771f\u76f8\u6bd4\u8363\u8a89\u66f4\u91cd\u8981\u2014\u2014\u6797\u5f3a\u8bbf\u8c08\u5f55\u2019 ([Thinking about reconstruction] Truth is more important than glory – the record of the interview with Lin Qiang). Southern Weekend, 30 May 2008. <http:\/\/www.infzm.com\/content\/12753>. [Accessed May 14, 2014.] Sichuan province\u2019s own investigation report stated that there were five reasons for the collapse of schools: the earthquake surpassed the forecasted strength; the quake struck at a time when classes were still on; third, the classrooms and corridors, where the most students were, were weakly connected; the buildings were old-fashioned and backward; and the design of anti-seismic elements in the construction had some innate flaws. However, the sheer force of the quake was considered to be the main reason for destruction.<\/p>\n

[27]<\/a> Roney 2011, pp. 89-90.<\/p>\n

\u8cc7\u6599<\/h4>\n

Bandurski, David (2008):\u2018\u4e2d\u56fd\u5a92\u4f53\u5927\u5730\u9707\u2019 (The great earthquake of Chinese Media). Wall Street Journal China Online, May 29. <http:\/\/chinese.wsj.com\/gb\/20080529\/opn091318.asp?source=email>. [Accessed 15 May 2014]<\/p>\n

Central People\u2019s Government of the People\u2019s Republic of China: \u201d\u6c76\u5ddd\u5730\u9707\u707e\u540e\u6062\u590d\u91cd\u5efa\u603b\u4f53\u89c4\u5212\u201d. \u56fd\u53d1\u30142008\u301531\u53f7. September 23, 2008. <http:\/\/www.gov.cn\/zwgk\/2008-09\/23\/content_1103686.htm>. [Accessed February 1, 2016.]<\/p>\n

Chen Min, \u2018[\u91cd\u5efa\u4e4b\u601d] \u771f\u76f8\u6bd4\u8363\u8a89\u66f4\u91cd\u8981\u2014\u2014\u6797\u5f3a\u8bbf\u8c08\u5f55\u2019 ([Thinking about reconstruction] Truth is more important than glory – the record of the interview with Lin Qiang). Southern Weekend, 30 May 2008. <http:\/\/www.infzm.com\/content\/12753>. [Accessed May 14, 2014.]<\/p>\n

China.com.cn: \u201d5.12\u56db\u5ddd\u6c76\u5ddd7.8\u7ea7\u5730\u9707\u65e5\u5fd7\uff1a5\u670812\u65e5\u201d. May 17, 2008. <http:\/\/www.china.com.cn\/news\/txt\/2008-05\/17\/content_15287221.htm>.<\/span> (Last visited January 29,<\/p>\n

2016.)<\/p>\n

China Media Project: \u201cA news story on school collapses tantalizes, then disappears\u201d. May 26, 2009. http:\/\/cmp.hku.hk\/2009\/05\/26\/1641\/<\/a>. [Accessed March 2, 2016.]<\/p>\n

Dalen, Kristin, Hedda Flat\u00f8, Liu Jing and Zhang Huafeng (2012): Recovering from the Wenchuan Earthquake: Living Conditions and Development in the Disaster Areas 2008-2011<\/em>, Fafo-report, 39.<\/p>\n

Paik, Wooyeal (2011): \u201cAuthoritarianism and humanitarian aid: regime stability and external relief in China and Myanmar\u201d. The Pacific Review<\/em>, 24(4), pp. 439\u2013462.<\/p>\n

Qian Gang (2009a): \u201cLearning our hard lessons from Sichuan\u2019s March 2008 earthquake quiz competitions\u201d. China Media Project blog. May 12. <http:\/\/cmp.hku.hk\/2009\/05\/12\/1608\/>.<\/p>\n

Qian, Gang, (2009b): \u201cLooking back on Chinese media reporting of school collapses\u201d. China Media Project blog, May 7. http:\/\/cmp.hku.hk\/2009\/05\/07\/1599\/. [Accessed 15 May 2014.]<\/p>\n

Roney, Britton (2011): \u201dEarthquakes and civil society: A comparative study of the response of China\u2019s nongovernment organizations to the Wenchuan earthquake\u201d. China Information<\/em> 25(1), pp. 83\u2013104.<\/p>\n

Shieh, Shawn & Deng Guosheng (2011): \u201cAn emerging civil society: The impact of the 2008 Sichuan earthquake on grassroots associations in China\u201d. Research report. The China Journal<\/em>, 65,<\/p>\n

Sichuan zhengbao (2005): \u201d\u56db\u5ddd\u7701\u4eba\u6c11\u653f\u5e9c\u5173\u4e8e\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u52a0\u5f3a\u9632\u9707\u51cf\u707e\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u901a\u77e5\u201d. \u5ddd\u5e9c\u53d1\uff3b2005\uff3d6\u53f7. January 31. <http:\/\/www.sc.gov.cn\/sczb\/lmfl\/szfwj\/200706\/t20070608_185659.shtml>. (Last accessed February 1, 2016.)<\/p>\n

Suttmeier, Richard P. (2011), \u201cChina\u2019s management of environmental crises\u201d. In Jae Ho Chung (ed.), China\u2019s Crisis Management<\/em>. Routledge, pp. 108\u2013129.<\/p>\n

The Guardian: \u201cChina releases earthquake death toll of children\u201d. May 7, 2009. <http:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2009\/may\/07\/china-earthquake-anniversary-death-toll>. [Accessed January 15, 2016.]<\/p>\n

The State Council of the People\u2019s Republic of China: \u201cRegulations on Post-Wenchuan-Earthquake Restoration and Reconstruction\u201d. Order of the State Council of the People\u2019s Republic of China. Order No. 526. June 8, 2008. http:\/\/www.sc.gov.cn\/10462\/10758\/10759\/10764\/2012\/7\/26\/10219700.shtml<\/a>. [Accessed March 3, 2016.]<\/p>\n

US Geological Survey: \u201cM7.9 – eastern Sichuan, China\u201d. <http:\/\/earthquake.usgs.gov\/earthquakes\/eventpage\/usp000g650#general_summary> (Last visited January 18, 2016)<\/p>\n

Xinhua: \u201d\u6743\u5a01\u53d1\u5e03\uff1a\u56db\u5ddd\u6c76\u5ddd\u5730\u9707\u6297\u9707\u6551\u707e\u8fdb\u5c55\u60c5\u51b5\u201d. August 25, 2008. <http:\/\/news.xinhuanet.com\/newscenter\/2008-08\/25\/content_9707753.htm>. (Last visited January 28, 2016.)<\/p>\n

Xu, Bin (2014): \u201cConsensus crisis and civil society: The Sichuan earthquake response and state-society relations\u201d. The China Journal<\/em>, 71, pp. 91\u2013108.<\/p>\n

Xu, Bin (2012): \u201cGrandpa Wen: Scene and political performance\u201d. Sociological Theory<\/em>, 30(2), 2012, pp. 114\u2013129.<\/p>\n

Xu, Bin (2009): \u201cDurkheim in Sichuan: the earthquake, national solidarity and the politics of small things\u201d. Social Psychology Quarterly<\/em>, 72(1), pp. 5\u20138.<\/p>\n

Yang, Jun, Chen Jinhong, Liu Huiliang & Zheng Jingchen (2014): \u201cComparison of two large earthquakes in China: the 2008 Sichuan Wenchuan Earthquake and the 2013 Sichuan Lushan Earthquake\u201d. Natural Hazards<\/em>, 73, pp. 1127\u20131136.<\/p>\n

Yin, Liangen and Wang Haiyan (2010): \u201cPeople-centred myth: Representation of the Wenchuan earthquake in China Daily\u201d. Discourse & Communication<\/em>, 4(4), pp. 383 – 398.<\/p>\n

Zhang, Peizhen: \u201c\u5341\u4e00\u5c4a\u5168\u56fd\u4eba\u5927\u5e38\u59d4\u4f1a\u4e13\u9898\u8bb2\u5ea7\u7b2c\u56db\u8bb2\u4e2d\u56fd\u5730\u9707\u707e\u5bb3\u4e0e\u9632\u9707\u51cf\u707e\u201d. Published on the website of the National People\u2019s Congress of the People\u2019s Republic of China. <http:\/\/www.npc.gov.cn\/npc\/xinwen\/2008-06\/30\/content_1435752.htm>. (Last accessed February 1, 2016.)<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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